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Supreme Court Clears Trump to Remove Independent Agency Heads, Shields Federal Reserve

7/1/2026

The Supreme Court on Monday handed President Trump sweeping authority to fire officials at the Federal Trade Commission and most other historically independent federal agencies, overturning a nearly century-old legal precedent in a 6–3 ruling.

The decision includes an explicit carve-out for the Federal Reserve, which the court separately shielded in a 5–4 ruling issued the same day blocking Trump's removal of Fed Governor Lisa Cook.

The twin decisions redraw the boundary between executive power and regulatory independence in ways policymakers and rate markets will be parsing for years.

Humphrey's Executor Falls After Nine Decades The ruling dismantles Humphrey's Executor, the precedent that long barred presidents from removing independent agency commissioners without cause.

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